CONTENTS:

1. Raam (Rāma) Navami Legends

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Lord Raama is amongst the ten avatars of Lord Vishnu and also one of the two most popular avatars along with Lord Krishna. Raama Navami is widely celebrated across India. Lord Raama is considered to be the epitome of perfection for fulfilling all his duties towards both family and subjects. It is believed that meditating on the noble Lord Raama and chanting his name is believed to removes the pains of life and lead one to moksha or liberation. It is also a common practice to chant the name of Raama while rocking babies to sleep.

The public worship starts from early morning on the special day of Raam Navami. The devotees keep a fast throughout the day and break the fast only at midnight with fruits. In some parts of India public gatherings called Satsang are organised to celebrate the birth of Lord Raama. People of all castes and creeds of Hindu religion participates in these gatherings to listen to the stories of Lord Raam.

Birth of Lord Raamchandra

The country of Kosal was situated on the banks of the river Sharayu. King Dasarath, the king of Ayodhya had all success in his life but one thing which worried King Dasarath was that he had no children. Therefore, he decided to perform a sacrifice known as ashvamedh or horse-sacrifice. A very holy man named Rishi Rishyashring was chosen to conduct the sacrifice with utmost perfectness and without making any mistakes. The performance of this sacrifice was a great event in Ayodhya. At the end, Rishi Rishyashring recited a mantra and made an offering to the fire.

2. Raam Navami Muhurath

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Raama Navami in this year is on 10th April 2022, Sunday. As per Hindu calendar, Raam Navami is celebrated on the ninth day (navmi) of Chaithra month (lunar calendar).

The dates of Raam Navami differ every year because of the fact that it is based on Hindu calendar and Hindu calendars are based on the Solar and Lunar cycles. It is one of India’s most jubilant and fun-filled festival which publicise the message of happiness and victory of good over evil.

Lord Raama was born on Navami Tithi during Shukla Paksha of Chaithra month. Each year this day is celebrated as the birthday of Lord Raama. Lord Raama was born during Madhyahna period which is middle of Hindu day. Madhyahna which prevails for six Ghatis (approximately 2 hours and 24 minutes) is the most favorable time to perform Raama Navami Puja rituals. The mid-point of Madhyahna marks the period when Shri Raama was born and temples exemplify this moment as the birth moment of Lord Raama. The reciting of Shri Raama and celebration reaches its top during this time.

Due to the vast use of the western clock and Gregorian calendar people assume 12 p.m. as Madhyahna moment. This could have been correct if sunrise and sunset occur exactly at 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. respectively but at most places sunrise and sunset timings are different from six O’clock. Hence, the exact time to celebrate the birthday of Lord Raama falls between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m. for most Indian cities. Hindu midday period for all cities and this time should be used to mark the birth of Sri Raama.

Eight Prahar fasting is suggested during Raama Navami. Which means devotees should observe the fast from sunrise to sunrise. Raama Navami Fast can be observed in three different ways, casual Nemittik-which can be observed without any cause, the continuation which can be observed throughout life without any wish and desirable (kamya) – which can be observed to fulfill any wish.

Muhurath

2024: 17th April
2023: 30th March
2022: 10th April
2021: 21st April
2020: 2nd April
2019: 13th and 14th April
2018: 25th March
2017: 4th and 5th April
2016: 15th April
2015: 28th March
2014: 8th April
2013: 19th April
2012: 1st April
2011: 12th April
2010: 24th March
2009: 3rd April
2008: 13th and 14th April
2007: 26th and 27th March
2006: 6th April
2005: 18th April
2004: 30th March
2003: 11th April
2002: 21st April
2001: 2nd April
2000: 12th April
1999: 25th March

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3. History of Raam Navami

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Raam Navami is a famous Hindu festival. This festival is celebrated in order to honour the birth of Marayada Purshottam Raam, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. This day also known as Sri Raama Navami marks the end of nine-day Chaithra-Navrathri celebrations. The festival of Raam Navami is held in high regard not only by the people in India but also by the Hindu community residing in the other parts of the world. The festival is celebrated with extreme joy and excitement. Many devotees also fast on this occasion. It is considered that all the devotees who fast on this day are showered with endless happiness and good luck by Lord Raama. Read on, if you want to explore the history of Raam Navami.

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Raam Navami History

Raam Navami is one of the oldest festivals celebrated in India. It is said that the date of Raam Navami can be seen back to the pre-Christian era, as Hinduism is the oldest religion of the world. The reference of Raam Navami can also be found in the Kalika puran. It is said in the prior times when caste system was common in India; Raam Navami was one of the few festivals that the lower castes were granted to celebrate. In Hindu religion, it is considered to one of the five major holy festivals and it is said that properly observing this fast leads to the attainment of salvation.

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Every year, the month of March-April observes a flurry of activities in the temples and religious spots around India full with millions of Hindus with faith in their hearts and dedication in their minds. It is not something unusual for the knower who is fully known that the Hindu month of Chaithra are near and Raam Navami, one of the holy Hindu occasions, is to be celebrated in ‘Shukla paksha’ or the waxing moon phase on the ninth day of the same.

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The devoted Hindus believe that on a similar day in the year 5114 BC [See The Times of India newspaper], the prayers of Dasharatha, the king of Ayodhya (an ancient city in the state of Uttar Pradesh) was answered. This king had three wives named Kausalya, Sumithra and Kaikeyi. But none of the three bore him a male child which the king needed to take care of his empire and as a successor to his throne. Even after several years of his marriage, the King was not able to be a father.

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Then the great sage Vasistha advised him to perform Puthra Kamesti Yagna, the holy ritual carried out to obtain an offspring. With King Dasharatha’s consent, the great sage Maharshi Rushya Shrunga performed the ritual in the most detailed manner possible. The king was handed over a bowl of payasam (a preparation of milk and rice) and asked to distribute the food between his wives. The king gave one-half of the payasam to his elder wife Kausalya, and another half to his younger wife Kaikeyi. Both wives give half of their portions to Sumithra. This unequal distribution of the holy food leads to both Kausalya and Kaikeyi giving birth to one son each while twin sons are born to Sumithra.

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The day was one of the ultimate celebrations in Ayodhya where not only the royal family but every resident of the place heaved a sigh of relief and thanked the God for this miracle, little knowing that god himself was present among them in the form of Raama, the newborn son of Kausalya. The great Hindu epic Raamayana (written by the ancient sage and Sanskrith poet Valmiki) as also a host of other ancient epics mention Raama as the seventh incarnation of the supreme god Lord Vishnu, who was born on earth to restore mankind to its previous glory, annihilate the evil and protect the innocent.

In his adulthood, Raama’s execution of Raavana, the terrible demon-king of Lanka, and his army, as well as many other astonishing deeds, proved his divine status before the people. When Raama became a king, the people of Ayodhya supposedly began to observe his birthday out of extreme faith to their godly ruler. It is highly difficult to point out the exact time when Raam Navami celebrations were started.

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4. Significance of Raam Navami

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Significantly the ancient Egyptians termed the sun as Amon Ra or which is simply known as “Ra”. In Latin, the syllable Ra is used or known as to connote light. For example, we have radiance which emits light or radium which means any substance that emits light or brilliance. The common element is the syllable Ra that in many languages are used to derive from words for describing Sun or light.

The occurrence of this syllable in most names used for Lord Raama along with other clues is strongly suggestive for the festival of Raamnavami antedates the R- Ayana and which have been originated much before the Raamayana Known as a ‘Sun-festival’ for invoking the Sun and was recognised as the source of light and heat even in ancient times.

The importance of the Sun was much more in the higher latitudes from the place through which the Aryans have migrated into India. Many royal dynasties portrayed the symbol of virility like the Sun, Eagle, Lion etc. As their progenitor Lord Raama’s dynasty considered them to have descended from the Sun. This could have led to the tagging on Lord Raama’s birthday to a festival devoted to the sun. The Raamayana is the divine story of the time when Lord Vishnu manifested on Earth in the form of Lord Raama.

Teachings of Raamayan

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The Raamayana gives us the message on life and teachings of Lord Raamchandra. The word “Raama” literally means one who is divinely blissful and who gives joy to others and one in whom the sages rejoice.

It is said that the repetition of his name (Raama Nama) is the surest, fastest and easiest way to attain purity, peace, wisdom, understanding, joy, prosperity and ultimately liberation. Lord Raama Himself said that “Repetition of My name is equal to the repeating of one thousand names of God and Goddess or repeating of mantras one thousand times.” Lord Raama was the perfect person he embodied the divine on Earth and taught us how to live our lives in accordingly to dharma and divine principles.

Lord Raama was the man of compassion, gentleness, kindness, rightness and integrity. Although he had all the power in the world he still was peaceful and gentle. Through careful examination of his life, we learn how to be a perfect son, a perfect brother, a perfect husband and most important the perfect king. His reign in Ayodhya is referred to as Ramarajya, the epitome of perfect governance.

Video : A Story on Pure Devotion towards Raamayana

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5. Raam Navami Celebration

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Raam Navami Celebrations aims to mark the birth of Lord Raama, the seventh incarnation of Lord Vishnu. According to Hindu calendar, the Raam Navami ceremony falls on the ninth day of the month of Chaithra. As per English calendar, this event takes place around the months of March and April. In some place of India, people call this festival as ‘Sri Raama Navraathri’ as they celebrate it for the nine days of the ‘Navaraathras’. The term ‘Nava’ indicates nine and ‘raathras’ means nights. This is also the time when the worship of the Hindu Goddess Durga takes place.

Features of Raam Navami:

• Singing religious songs
• Offering prayers
• Arranging rituals like Havana
• Reading hymns
• Performing plays like Ramlila with great dedication by the followers of Lord Raama are some of the features of this religious festival.
• Fasting all throughout the day is an outstanding feature of this auspicious ceremony.

Rituals of Raam Navami

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Fruits and sweets act as the religious offering which the priests distribute among the devotees at the end of the worship. The followers celebrate this day by remaining fast for the whole day. They finish the fast at midnight after having fruits or sweets.

Chariot Parade during Raam Navami

Chariot parade on the event of Raam Navami is an important part of this religious ceremony. Followers in large number take part in the procession. They place the statues of Lord Raama, Sitha, Lakshmana and Hanuman made of wood or stone in a beautifully decorated chariot after their worship at temples and go for a procession. In some places of India, four persons personifying the mythological characters of Raama, Sitha, Lakshmana and Hanuman climb on this chariot to take part in the procession.

Ramlila during Raam Navami

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Ramlila is a dramatic portrayal of the life of Raama and his battle with Raavana. This play is a crucial part of Raam Navami celebration. Generally, actors perform it in an open air stage. At present, the idea of Ramlila has gained popularity around the world.

Places Remarkable for Raam Navami Celebration

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As the birthplace of Lord Raama, Ayodhya celebrates Raam Navami with great devotion. A large number of devotees of Lord Raama take a holy bath in the holy river of Sarayu in Ayodhya.

Apart from Ayodhya, places like Sitha Samahitsthal in Uttar Pradesh, Bhadrachalam in Thelangaana and Rameshwaram in Tamil Nadu celebrate this occasion with great vivacity.

Raam Navami Celebration in South India

In South India, the Raam Navami festival carries on for nine days subsisting of various elements of ceremony and tradition. Since the day coincides with the wedding of Raama and Sitha, the mood on this day is extremely joyous. The programs of kirtans, chantings and recitals lend a greatly inspiring and enlightening tone to the Raam Navami celebration. In Thelugu States (Thelangaana & Andhra Pradesh), temples portray the marriage of Lord Raama and Sitha on the final day of Raam Navami.

In Bhadrachalam of Thelangaana, the followers celebrate this day as the wedding anniversary of Lord Raama and his wife Sitha. They call the event as ‘Sitharama Kalyanam’. Followers in Southern parts of India worship the sacred images of Raama and Sitha in their homes. At the end of the day, they arrange a parade for these images on the street. A huge number of devotees get together at temples there and observe the day through reciting the name of Raama.

According to religious sources, Lord Raama was born at noon. Therefore, the main celebration of Raam Navami takes place at noon. Besides the sacred image of Lord Raama, followers also worship the images of Raama’s wife Sitha, his brother Lakshmana and his disciple as well as an ardent devotee Hanuman. Drinking ‘Panagam’ which is a drink made of jaggery and pepper is a part of the rituals during this occasion. The people of Thelugu States (Thelangaana & Andhra Pradesh), Karnataka and Tamil Nadu call this festival as ‘Vasanthothsava’ or the festival of Spring which indicates the end of the nine-day festival.

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6. Raam Navami Fast

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The Raam Navami vrata is Nitya or compulsory for the followers of Raama and voluntary for others. It is one of the highly acclaimed vratas in the calendar which can wash away one’s sins and also confer even Mukti or liberation.

The vrata starts from the previous night itself with fasting. On the Navami day also the follower has to continue fasting, perform worship and homa to Raama in an image installed in a specially prepared shrine, do Japa of Raama mantra and keep watch in the night. After the completion of the vrata he donates the image to an acharya along with other gifts made sufficiently.

There are three different types of fasts that can be held on this day:

• Fasting until noon
• Eating only once during the day
• Fasting till midnight
• Fasting for nine days beginning on the first day of Chaithra

When eating a single meal during the fast, it may comprise of fruits and fruit extracts. Alternatively, if eating a full meal, it can include potatoes made in any form without Haldi (turmeric), garlic, ginger or onion, fruits and any type vegetables. Curd, tea, coffee, milk, and water are also allowed. Raam Navami Vrat

The followers of Lord Raama would observe a whole-day fast on the festival of Raam Navami. The fast is also called vrat. Although it is not compulsory to keep a waterless fast (nirahar vrat), many people observe a tough fast, when they would not drink a drop of water until midnight, when they break the fast.

On the other hand, those who prefer to follow a particular diet for the fast, are advised to eat certain foodstuffs including potatoes made in any form without haldi (turmeric), garlic, ginger or onion. Sendha namak (rock salt) is used for the preparation of food for Raama Navami fast. While on a fast, the person can also eat curd, milk, tea, coffee, fruits and root vegetables.

Significance of Fasting on Raam Navami

Like most of the Hindu festivals, fasting holds special significance in the celebrations of Raam Navami too. It is said that when a devotee keeps fast on Raam Navami, with sincerity and extreme devotion, he/she is blessed with health, wealth and prosperity for the year ahead. Therefore, it has been a tradition since a long time to keep fast on the festival. This idea has been supported by the ancient religious texts of Hinduism, according to which, fasting is the only mean of gaining happiness it the material world and achieving salvation at the same time. Moreover, Raam Navami vrat is considered as the five of the most important fasts in the ancient times.

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Raam Navami is celebrated by Hindus all over the world. This festival celebrates the birthday of Lord Raama. Lord Raama was the son of King Dasharath and Queen Kaushalya is regarded as the avatar of Lord Vishnu one of the supreme Hindu deity. According to the old Indian epic written by Rishi Balmiki which states that Raam was born after a lot of prayers and yagya and as he was born as the royal inheritor to the throne of Ayodhya his birthday was a joyous occasion in Ayodhya. It is like a dream come true for King Dasharath as he didn’t have any sons after his marriage.

Reason behind Raama Navami Puja

It is said that Lord Vishnu took the avatar of Lord Raama when he saw the growing of the invincible demon Raavana on earth. It is said that when Raavana started increasing evilness on the earth Lord Brahma started receiving complaints from all the Gods about the evilness that Raavana was inflicting on earth. However, as Lord had granted Raavana an exceptional boon that Raavana could never be killed by a god.

All the Gods in heaven were helpless. However as soon as Gods realised that there was a loophole in his boon that Raavana could only be killed by a human being. Lord Vishnu decided to take birth in the guise of Lord Raamchandra the son of King Dasharath and Queen Kaushalya to save the earth and his devotees from the evilness of Raavana and his unreligious act. This great legend is known to every person of India irrespective of caste and religion.

Lord Raama is worshiped in the country as an epitome of an ideal man. Lord Raama who is an ideal in every regard of a perfect son, an ideal brother, a wonderful husband, a mighty king and a great father, is not simply a hero but also someone who is the true representative of a flawless man. Therefore, his birthday is celebrated every year with great enthusiasm on a ninth day after the new moon in Shukla Paksha (the waxing moon) which at times falls in the month of April.

Doing Puja on Raam navami

All over the world Hindus organise Raam Navami puja. Most of the people keep fast on this day. During the Raam Navami puja generally, devotees prefer to be on a satvik food which means food cooked without salt. There is no specific rights and ritual to perform puja. People visit temples and listen to stories of Raam Janam (Raama’s birth) and various other legends from Raamayana. Devotees sing bhajans for praising the works of Lord Raama, his loyal brother Lakshman, his devoted wife Sitha and Raama’s greatest devotee Hanuman. If puja is preformed at home then the home is cleaned properly and pictures of Lord Raama, Lakshman, Sitha, and Hanuman are put on a dais in preparation for the puja. All the members of the family worship the deities on his birthday. Devotees offer flowers, sweets, and incense sticks in order to please Lord Raama. Two plates are kept ready in front of the deities. One plate containing prasadam and the other plate containing necessary items like bangles, aipun, rice, water and flowers for the puja rituals. After the puja is completed an aarthi is performed and the holy water of the puja is sprinkled over the devotees as a sign of blessing from the God.

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On the occasion of Raam Navami, all the followers of Lord Raama worship to satisfy him. All the members of the family worship together, in order to observe the auspicious birthday of Lord Raama. The Puja begins with the installation of the idols or pictures of Lord Raama, Lakshmana, Sitha, and Hanuman. The youngest female member of the family put tika to all the male members of the family. At the last the prasadam is distributed to all the devotees.

Bhajan

Bhajans are also a vital ritual of Raam Navami Puja. The followers of Lord Raama make the entire atmosphere religious by singing the bhajans and choupais of Ramcharit Manas. A holy priest recites the story of Ran Janama (Lord Raama’s birth) to all the devotees who keep fast on this day. Continuous reciting of holy mantras and Raamnam (Raam’s name) makes the occasion highly religious as well as spiritual.

Fast

The followers of Lord Raama also keep a whole-day fast on the festival of Raam Navami. Many of the devotees go for a fast on satvik food i.e. holy food without salt and other adulterated materials. However, many of them also keep a waterless fast (nirjal vrat). The Raam Navami fast is broken on midnight if one has observed a waterless fast (nirjal vrat).

Rath Yatra

On the occasion of Raam Navami, a Rath Yatra or a chariot parade is also taken out in Ayodhya, the birth place of Raam. The Raam Rath Yatra also comprise of idols of Sitha, Lakshman, and Hanuman. The Rath Yatra is taken out by many of the temples in the city and is followed by the chanting of Raam Nama (Raama’s holy name) by the devotees. Many people from abroad who are seeking spiritual understanding also attend this chariot parade as it is said to bring spiritual enlightenment and good luck forever in life.

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Raam Navami is usually celebrated in the summer month of April, during which the traditional month of Chaithra falls. Raam Navami is a celebration of perfection; similarly the food should also have to be perfect to suit the occasion. The general consensus on Raam Navami recipes is in favour of sweet dishes.

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Video – Panakam for Sreeraamanavami Festival

The Prasadam: Naivedyam

The Prasadam is an offering to the Lord by his devotees and it usually a sweet dish. The devotees distribute the prasadam among themselves after the rituals of the puja are over. In South India, the humble offerings of the Lord’s devotees are known as Prasadam or Naivedyam. Food during Raam Navami, other than the prasadam, is also special to suit the occasion.

Food during Raam Navami fast

• Rice pudding or phirni
  Rice pudding is one sweet dish which comes in different variations depending on the palate and region of the people. The common ingredients are milk and rice. Variations come in the form of flavours. You may add saffron, rose water, mango or jaggery to suit your taste buds. You may also add different types of nuts and raisins as garnish.
• Neer Mor
  This is a cool drink of Tamil Nadu made especially for the celebration of Raam Navami during the summer. It is prepared by diluting buttermilk, and it cools the palate on a hot summer day.
• Kaju Barfi
  This is one sweet whose main ingredient is a nut. Cashew nuts are roasted before being powdered in a blender. This powdered cashew is added to sugar syrup and kneaded to form the right mix. Kaju Barfi is a delectable sweet you can never have enough of.
• Coconut Laddoo
  Coconut is a commonly found tree throughout the coastal regions of India. It not only provides refreshing coconut water, but the sweet juicy pulp inside can also be eaten. Laddoo is a common, traditional Indian sweet which has many variations available – made from sugar or jaggery. Coconut Laddoo is specifically made with the help of grated coconut pulp mixed with condensed milk and sugar.

Food Recipes for Raam Navami

Buying food during any celebration is so passé. Cooking food and serving them by yourself is much better because of the personal touch during special occasions. Serving such special dishes during Raam Navami gets simpler if you know the recipe.

• Potato curry
  Raam Navami is not only about sweet dishes. Potato curry helps to avoid that monotony. It is a widely eaten dish and is easy to cook, if you know the process.

Ingredients

• 3-4 potatoes
• 3 or 4 green chillies
• 1 ½ teaspoon oil/ghee
• Half cup finely chopped coriander (dhaniya) leaves
• Rock salt
• Water

Process

• Boil the potatoes
• Peel and slice them thick
• Heat a pan for a minute and add oil or ghee
• Add the green chillies
• Once the chillies start crackling, add the sliced potatoes and salt
• Stir fry and mix them all evenly
• Add water to form the gravy of the curry
• Garnish it with coriander leaves

• Mango Rasgulla
  Rasgulla is the most famous and common delicacy of West Bengal. It is found in a variety of flavours – white Rasgulla dipped in sugar syrup or Rasgulla dipped in jaggery. Mango Rasgulla is another addition to the variety of Rasgullas available.

Ingredients

• Maida flour 1 cup
• Cottage cheese (Chhena) 2 cups
• Milk ½ cup
• Mango pulp 1 cup
• Sugar 1 cup
• Mango essence ½ teaspoon
• Powdered cardamom ½ teaspoon
• 10 Finely chopped pistachios
• Water

Process

• Knead the cottage cheese and mango pulp evenly
• Make small round balls with the thick batter and keep them aside
• Make a syrup with sugar, cardamom powder and 2 cups of water strip boiled together
• Remove any layer that forms on the syrup
• Add the batter balls to the syrup on a light flame
• Simmer boil them for about 10 minutes or till the balls are soft
• Add mango essence
• Let them cool
• Serve with finely chopped pistachio garnishing

• Paanakam
  This is a refreshingly cool drink which also serves as one of the most sought after naivedyam during Raam Navami in South India. Like most of the ready-to-mix fruit juices available, this natural alternative is also easy to prepare.

Ingredients for 1 serving

• Ginger powder
• Water 1 cup
• Crushed green cardamom 2
• Lemon juice 1 ½ teaspoon
• Jaggery powder ¼ cup

Process

• Mix the powdered jaggery with water and keep it idle for about twenty minutes
• Constantly stir it to let the jaggery mix with water evenly
• Strain out the impurities
• Add a pinch of ginger powder along with the lemon juice and green cardamom to the jaggery solution. Stir it well.
• You can add serve it at normal temperature or add ice to serve it cold.

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The auspicious occasion of Raam Navami is incomplete without chanting the Mantras or hymns dedicated to Lord Raama. The best way to observe Raam Navami is by reading the Raamayana. The sheer length of the epic may dissuade you, but there are simpler alternatives available for the true believers.

If you chant the name of Lord Raama (“Raam Naam”), that in itself acts as devotion and a divine hymn for Lord Raama. Another similar short but equally important mantra for Raam Navami is “Sri Raam, Jai Raam Jai Jai Raam”. The Thaaraka mantra is also known as the Mantra Ra Ma and is an amalgamation of ‘Namasivaya mantra’ and the ‘Om Namo Narayanaya maha mantra’.

Some other Mantras for Raam Navami:

• Raama Mantra
  “Neelambhuj shyamal komlang Sitha Samaropit vambhagam
  Pano Maha saikacharoochapam
  Namame Ramam Raghuvanshnatham”
• Raama Gayathri Mantra
  “Om Daserathaya Vidhmahe
  Sita Vallabhaya Dheemahe
  Thanno Raama Prachodayath”
• Shloki Raamayana
  “Aadi Raam Tapovanadi Gamanam, Hatva Mrigam Kanchanam,
  Vaidihiharanam Jatayumaranam, Sugreevsambhashanam,
  Balinirdalanam Samudrataranam, Lankapuridahanam,
  Pashchad Ravan Kumbhkaran hananam, Ayetadhi Raamayanam”

Some benefits of reciting any of the above mantras on Raam Navami:

• It helps purify your heart.
• It cleans all your sins.
• It suppresses your sinful inclinations.
• It prevents you from being consumed by worldly desires.

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Raam Aarthi is the devotional song sung in praise of Lord Raama. It is usually sung at the end of the puja or religious rituals. The word “Aarthi” has been derived from two Sanskrit words: “Aa” and “Rati”. The Sanskrith “Aa” stands for “to or towards”; “Rati” means “virtues or good qualities”. So Raam aarthi literally means the song sung praising the virtues of Lord Raama.

Raam aarthi is sung as a communal gathering in temples. Some people prefer offering their prayers at home, so they sing the Raam aarthi at home too. It is an age old religious tradition that has been followed by devotees of Lord Raam through centuries.

Shri Sitah Raam Aarthi

Jayati shri janki ballabh laal, karoon aarthi tab hou nihaal.

Sish per krit mukut jhaleke, kapolan per jhoole alake,

Karan mein karan phool chamke,

Nain kajrare, mohaniya dare, suman ratnaare,

Sohe chandan kumkum keser bhaal.

Jayati shri janki ballabh laal, karoon aarthi tab hou nihaal.

Madhur ati moorat syamal gaur, suchavi Jodi raajat ekthaur,

Nahi hai upma koi aur,

Nirakhi rati laja man mad taje ang subh saje,

Sohe bhusan ver mukta- muni jaal.

Jayati shri janki ballabh laal, karoon aarthi tab hou nihaal.

Parasaper do chakor, do chand, priya priy anupam sushama kand,

Prem hiy chayo peramanand,

Mand mridu hasan, ruchir duti dasan, manohar vasan,

Dou sohe gal bahayan daal.

Jayati shri janki ballabh laal, karoon aarthi tab hou nihaal.

Bajat beena sitar sumridang, sabai mili gaavat sahit umang,

Hot pulkaaymaan an gang,

Rang jab chadat ,prem hiy badat nayan jal kadat,

Madhur- swer gaavet de de taal.

Jayati shri janki ballabh laal, karoon aarthi tab hou nihaal.

Swamini swami kripa aagaar, pranat janrameswer aadhaar,

Jori ker vinvat barambaar,

Kachu nahi banat, name- tap barat, raho pad nirat,

Karon tab aarthi hou nihaal.

Jayati shri janki ballabh laal, karoon aarthi tab hou nihaal.

रामजी की आरती

श्री रामचन्द्र कृपालु भजु मन हरण भवभय दारुणं |

नवकंज लोचन, कंजमुख, करकुंज, पदकंजारुणं ||

श्री रामचन्द्र कृपालु भजु मन हरण भवभय दारुणं |

श्री राम श्री राम….

कंदर्प अगणित अमित छबि, नवनीलनीरद सुन्दरं |

पट पीत मानहु तडीत रुचि शुचि नौमि जनक सुतावरं ||

श्री रामचन्द्र कृपालु भजु मन हरण भवभय दारुणं |

श्री राम श्री राम….

भजु दीनबंधु दिनेश दानवदै त्यवंशनिकंदनं |

रघुनंद आंनदकंद कोशलचंद दशरथनंदनं ||

श्री रामचन्द्र कृपालु भजु मन हरण भवभय दारुणं |

श्री राम श्री राम…

सिर मुकुट कूंडल तिलक चारु उदारु अंग विभुषणं |

आजानु भुजा शरा चाप धरा, संग्राम जित खर दुषणं ||

भुजा शरा चाप धरा, संग्राम जित खर दुषणं ||

श्री रामचन्द्र कृपालु भजु मन हरण भवभय दारुणं

इति वदित तुलसीदास शंकरशेषमुनिमनरंजनं |

मम ह्रदयकंजनिवास कुरु, कमदि खल दल गंजनं | |

श्री रामचन्द्र कृपालु भजु मन हरण भवभय दारुणं |

नवकंज लोचन, कंजमुख, करकुंज, पदकंजारुणं ||

श्री राम श्री राम…

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Raam Chalisa refers to the forty “chaupais” or devotional poetries dedicated to Lord Raama. The word “chalisa” is derived from the Hindi word “chalis” which means forty; thus the forty hymns for Lord Raama. Reciting the Raam Chalisa is a common ritual in most Hindu households where Lord Raama is worshipped on a regular basis.

Raam Chalisa is recited at the end of the puja, preceded by the recitation of Raamcharitmanasa (which is a famous epic Hindi poem written by Tulsidas), and followed by the Raam Aarthi. If you recite the Raam Chalisa, it is believed that you would be set free from your sins and you would also achieve “Moksha” i.e. release from the circle of life, death and rebirth. You would attain a sense of peace and oneness with the world around you. It is also believed that reciting the Raam Chalisa helps you get divine blessings from Lord Raama himself.

Raam Chalisa in Hindi

श्री रघुवीर भक्त हितकारी। सुन लीजै प्रभु अरज हमारी॥

निशिदिन ध्यान धरै जो कोई। ता सम भक्त और नहिं होई॥

ध्यान धरे शिवजी मन माहीं। ब्रह्म इन्द्र पार नहिं पाहीं॥

दूत तुम्हार वीर हनुमाना। जासु प्रभाव तिहूं पुर जाना॥

तब भुज दण्ड प्रचण्ड कृपाला। रावण मारि सुरन प्रतिपाला॥

तुम अनाथ के नाथ गुंसाई। दीनन के हो सदा सहाई॥

ब्रह्मादिक तव पारन पावैं। सदा ईश तुम्हरो यश गावैं॥

चारिउ वेद भरत हैं साखी। तुम भक्तन की लज्जा राखीं॥

गुण गावत शारद मन माहीं। सुरपति ताको पार न पाहीं॥

नाम तुम्हार लेत जो कोई। ता सम धन्य और नहिं होई॥

राम नाम है अपरम्पारा। चारिहु वेदन जाहि पुकारा॥

गणपति नाम तुम्हारो लीन्हो। तिनको प्रथम पूज्य तुम कीन्हो॥

शेष रटत नित नाम तुम्हारा। महि को भार शीश पर धारा॥

फूल समान रहत सो भारा। पाव न कोऊ तुम्हरो पारा॥

भरत नाम तुम्हरो उर धारो। तासों कबहुं न रण में हारो॥

नाम शक्षुहन हृदय प्रकाशा। सुमिरत होत शत्रु कर नाशा॥

लखन तुम्हारे आज्ञाकारी। सदा करत सन्तन रखवारी॥

ताते रण जीते नहिं कोई। युद्घ जुरे यमहूं किन होई॥

महालक्ष्मी धर अवतारा। सब विधि करत पाप को छारा॥

सीता राम पुनीता गायो। भुवनेश्वरी प्रभाव दिखायो॥

घट सों प्रकट भई सो आई। जाको देखत चन्द्र लजाई॥

सो तुमरे नित पांव पलोटत। नवो निद्घि चरणन में लोटत॥

सिद्घि अठारह मंगलकारी। सो तुम पर जावै बलिहारी॥

औरहु जो अनेक प्रभुताई। सो सीतापति तुमहिं बनाई॥

इच्छा ते कोटिन संसारा। रचत न लागत पल की बारा॥

जो तुम्हे चरणन चित लावै। ताकी मुक्ति अवसि हो जावै॥

जय जय जय प्रभु ज्योति स्वरूपा। नर्गुण ब्रह्म अखण्ड अनूपा॥

सत्य सत्य जय सत्यव्रत स्वामी। सत्य सनातन अन्तर्यामी॥

सत्य भजन तुम्हरो जो गावै। सो निश्चय चारों फल पावै॥

सत्य शपथ गौरीपति कीन्हीं। तुमने भक्तिहिं सब विधि दीन्हीं॥

सुनहु राम तुम तात हमारे। तुमहिं भरत कुल पूज्य प्रचारे॥

तुमहिं देव कुल देव हमारे। तुम गुरु देव प्राण के प्यारे॥

जो कुछ हो सो तुम ही राजा। जय जय जय प्रभु राखो लाजा॥

राम आत्मा पोषण हारे। जय जय दशरथ राज दुलारे॥

ज्ञान हृदय दो ज्ञान स्वरूपा। नमो नमो जय जगपति भूपा॥

धन्य धन्य तुम धन्य प्रतापा। नाम तुम्हार हरत संतापा॥

सत्य शुद्घ देवन मुख गाया। बजी दुन्दुभी शंख बजाया॥

सत्य सत्य तुम सत्य सनातन। तुम ही हो हमरे तन मन धन॥

याको पाठ करे जो कोई। ज्ञान प्रकट ताके उर होई॥

आवागमन मिटै तिहि केरा। सत्य वचन माने शिर मेरा॥

और आस मन में जो होई। मनवांछित फल पावे सोई॥

तीनहुं काल ध्यान जो ल्यावै। तुलसी दल अरु फूल चढ़ावै॥

साग पत्र सो भोग लगावै। सो नर सकल सिद्घता पावै॥

अन्त समय रघुबरपुर जाई। जहां जन्म हरि भक्त कहाई॥

श्री हरिदास कहै अरु गावै। सो बैकुण्ठ धाम को पावै॥

॥ दोहा॥

सात दिवस जो नेम कर, पाठ करे चित लाय।

हरिदास हरि कृपा से, अवसि भक्ति को पाय॥

राम चालीसा जो पढ़े, राम चरण चित लाय।

जो इच्छा मन में करै, सकल सिद्घ हो जाय॥

Raama Navami is a very significant day and it is observed throughout India.

• Raama Navami in Uttar Pradesh
  Ayodhya is the most significant place to celebrate the birth anniversary of Lord Raama. It is considered highly auspicious to take bath in sacred river Sarayu on Raama Navami. Thousands of devotees take a holy dip in the river of Sarayu before they visit famous Kanak Bhawan temple in Ayodhya. Being the birthplace of Lord Raama, Ayodhya during Raama Navami is similar to what Mathura is during Krishna Janmashthami.
• Raama Navami in Andhra Pradesh
  Thirumala celebrates the Raama Navami with great fervor. The administration of Thirumala Thirupathi Devasthanams (TTD) observes religious event of Shri Raama Navami Asthanam on the significant day of Raama Navami.
• Raama Navami in Thelangaana
  Bhadrachalam Temple in Thelangaana is dedicated to Lord Raama and Goddess Sitha. The wedding anniversary of Lord Raama and His consort Sitha is celebrated each year with much fanfare on the auspicious day of Raama Navami.
  The event is popularly known as Shri Raamanavami Kalyanam Uthsava.
• Raama Navami in Thamil Nadu
  In South India, especially in Thamil Nadu, devotees of Lord Raama perform Kalyanothsavam. During Kalyanothsavam, the symbolic marriage ceremony of Lord Raama and Goddess Sitha is conducted and deities are taken to the streets through a ceremonial procession.In South Indian temples, a special recipe named Paanakam, is prepared on the auspicious day of Raama Navami. The Paanakam is sweet liquid made of ginger powder, jaggery, peppercorns and cardamom. The Paanakam is known as natural body coolant and served to devotees in palm similar to Gangajal in North Indian temples.
• Raama Navami in ISKCON
  The day of Raama Navami is also very significant for ISKCON temples and its followers. Most ISKCON temples celebrate Raama Navami by organising special events. Procession of Lord Raama and Goddess Sitha, Abhishekam of Lord Raama and performing Homa are some of the rituals which are performed in most ISKCON temples.
  Lord Raama, being the incarnation of Lord Vishnu, is as important as Lord Krishna for the followers of ISKCON.

We are giving detailed Raama Navami Puja Vidhi which is observed on Raama Navami day. The given Puja Vidhi includes all sixteen steps which are part of Shodashopachara (षोडशोपचार) Raama Navami Puja Vidhi.

i. Dhyanam (ध्यानम्)

Puja should begin with the meditation of Lord Raama. Dhyana should be done in front of already installed Lord Raama statue in front of you. Following Mantra should be chanted while meditating on Lord Shri Raama.

Komalaksham Vishalakshamindranila Samaprabham।
Dakshinange Dasharatham Putravekshanatatparam॥
Prishthato Lakshamanam Devam Sachchhatram Kanakaprabham।
Parshve Bharata Shatrughnau Talavrintakaravubhau।
Agrevyagram Hanumantam Ramanugraha Kankshinam॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Dhyanat Dhyanam Samarpayami॥

ii. Avahanam (आवाहनं)

After Dhyana of Lord Raama, one should chant following Mantra in front of the Murti, by showing Aavahan Mudra (Aavahan Mudra is formed by joining both palms and folding both thumbs inwards).

Om Sahasrashirsha Purushah Sahasrakshah Sahasrapata।
Sa Bhusamam Vishvato Vritva Atyatishthaddashangulam॥
Avahayami Vishvesham Janakivallabham Prabhum।
Kaushalyatanayam Vishnum Shriramam Prakriteh Param॥

Shri Sita Sahita Shri Ramachandram Sangam
Saparivaram Sayudham Sashaktikam Avahayami॥

iii. Asanam (आसनं)

After Lord Raama has been invoked, take five flowers in Anjali (by joining palm of both hands) and leave them in front of the Murti to offer seat to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Purusha Evedagam Sarvam Yadbhutam Yachchha Bhavyam।
Utamritatvasyeshanah Yadannenatirohati॥
Rajadhiraja Rajendra Ramachandra Mahipate।
Ratnasimhasanam Tubhyam Dasyami Svikuru Prabho॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah। Asanam Samarpayami॥

iv. Padya (पाद्य)

After offering seat to Lord Raama offer Him water to wash the feet while chanting following Mantra.

Etavanasya Mahima Ato Jyayagamshcha Purushah।
Padoasya Vishva Bhutani Tripadasyamritam Divi॥
Trailokyapavanananta Namaste Raghunayaka।
Padyam Grihana Rajarshe Namo Rajivalochana॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Padayoh Padyam Samarpayami॥

v. Arghya (अर्घ्य)

After Padya offering, offer water to Shri Raama for head Abhishekam while chanting following Mantra.

Tripadurdhva Udaitpurushah Padoasyehabhavatpunah।
Tato Vishvangvyakramat Sashananashane Abhi॥
Paripurna Parananda Namo Ramaya Vedhase।
Grihanarghyam Maya Dattam Krishna Vishno Janardana॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah। Arghyam Samarpayami॥

vi. Achamaniyam (आचमनीयं)

After Arghya offering, offer water to Shri Raama for Achamana (water for sipping) while chanting following Mantra.

Tasmadviradajayata Virajo Adhi Purushah।
Sa Jato Atyarichyata Pashchadbhumimatho Purah॥
Namah Satyaya Shuddhaya Nityaya Jnanarupine।
Grihanachamanam Raama Sarva Lokaika Nayaka॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah। Achamaniyam Samarpayami॥

vii. Madhuparka (मधुपर्कं)

After Achamana offering, offer honey and milk to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Namah Shri Vamadevaya Tattvajnana Svarupine।
Madhuparkam Grihanedam Janakipataye Namah॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah। Madhuparkam Samarpayami॥

viii. Snanam (स्नानं)

After Madhuparka offering, offer water to Shri Raama for the bath while chanting following Mantra.

Yatpurushena Havisha Deva Yajnamatanvata।
Vasanto Asyasidajyam Grishma Idhmashsharaddhavih॥
Brahmandodara Madhyasthaistithaishcha Raghunandana।
Snapayishyamyaham Bhaktya Tvam Prasida Janardana॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah। Snanam Samarpayami॥

ix. Panchamrita Snana (पञ्चामृत स्नान)

After Snanam, now give a bath with Panchamrita (the mixture of milk, curd, honey, Ghee and sugar) to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Panchamrita Mayanitam Payo Dadhi Ghritam Madhu।
Sharkara Cheti Tadbhaktya Dattam Te Pratigrihyatam॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Panchamrita Snanam Samarpayami॥

x. Vastra (वस्त्र)

Now offer Moli (मोली) as new clothes to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Om Tam Yajnam Barhishi Praukshan Purusham Jatamagratah।
Tena Deva Ayajanta Sadhya Rishayashcha Ye॥
Om Upaitu Mam Devasakhah Kirtishcha Manina Saha।
Pradurbhutoasmi Rashtresminkirtimriddhim Dadatu Me॥
Tapta Kanchana Samkasham Pitambaram Idam Hare।
Tvam Grihana Jagannatha Ramachandra Namoastu Te॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah। Vastram Samarpayami॥

xi. Yajnopavita (यज्ञोपवीत)

After Vastra offering, offer Yajnopavita to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Tasmadyajnatsarvahutah Sambhritam Prishadajyam।
Pashuganstaganshchakre Vayavyan Aranyan Gramyashchaye॥
Kshutpipasamalam Jyeshthamalakshmim Nashayamyaham।
Abhutimasamriddhim Cha Sarvam Nirnudame Grihat॥
Shri Ramachyuta Yajnesha Shridharananta Raghava।
Brahmasutram Sottariyam Grihana Raghunandana॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Yajnopavitam Samarpayami॥

xii. Gandha (गन्ध)

After Yajnopavita offering, offer scent to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Tasmadyajnatsarvahutah Richah Samani Jajnire।
Chhandansi Jajnire Tasmat Yajustasmadajayata॥
Gandhadwaram Duradharsham Nityapushtam Karishinim।
Ishwarim Sarvabhutanam Tamihopahvaye Shriyam॥
Kumkumagaru Kasturi Karpuronmishrachandanam।
Tubhyam Dasyami Rajendra Shri Rama Svikuru Prabho॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Gandham Samarpayami॥

After Gandha offering, offer flowers to Lord Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Tasmadashva Ajayanta Ye Ke Chobhayadatah।
Gavo Ha Jajnire Tasmat Tasmajjata Ajavayah॥
Tulasi Kunda Mandara Jati Punnaga Champakaih।
Kadamba Karaviraishcha Kusumaih Shatapatrakaih॥
Nilambujairbilvapatraih Pushpamalyaishcha Raghava।
Pujayishyamyaham Bhaktya Grihana Tvam Janardana॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Pushpani Samarpayami॥

xiv. Atha Angapuja (अथ अङ्गपूजा)

Now worship those Gods who are body parts of Shri Raama itself. For that take Gandha, Akshata and Pushpa in left hand and leave them near to Lord Raama Murthi with right hand while chanting following Mantra(s).

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah। Padau Pujayami॥
Om Rajivalochanaya Namah। Gulphau Pujayami॥
Om Ravanantakaya Namah। Januni Pujayami॥
Om Vachaspataye Namah। Uru Pujayami॥
Om Vishvarupaya Namah। Janghe Pujayami॥
Om Lakshmanagrajaya Namah। Kati Pujayami॥

Om Vishvamurtaye Namah। Medhra Pujayami॥
Om Vishvamitra Priyaya Namah। Nabhim Pujayami॥
Om Paramatmane Namah। Hridayam Pujayami॥
Om Shrikanthaya Namah। Kantham Pujayami॥
Om Sarvastradharine Namah। Bahu Pujayami॥
Om Raghudvahaya Namah। Mukham Pujayami॥

Om Padmanabhaya Namah। Jihvam Pujayami॥
Om Damodaraya Namah। Dantan Pujayami॥
Om Sitapataye Namah। Lalatam Pujayami॥
Om Jnanagamyaya Namah। Shirah Pujayami॥
Om Sarvatmane Namah। Sarvangam Pujayami॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Sarvangani Pujayami॥

xv. Dhupam (धूपं)

After Anga Puja, offer Dhupa to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Vanaspatirasodbhuto Gandhadhyo Gandha Uttamah।
Ramachandra Mahipalo Dhupoayam Pratigrihyatam॥
Yatpurusham Vyadadhuh Katidha Vyakalpayan।
Mukham Kimasya Kau Bahu Kavuru Padavuchyete॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Dhupam Aghrapayami॥

xvi. Deepam (दीपं)

After Dhupa offering, offer Deep to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Sajyam Trivarti Samyuktam Vahnina Yojitam Maya।
Grihana Mangalam Deepam Trailokya Timirapaham॥
Jyotisham Pataye Tubhyam Namo Ramayaavedhase।
Grihana Deepakam Chaiva Trailokya Timirapaham॥
Brahmanosya Mukhamasit Bahu Rajanyah Kritah।
Uru Tadasya Yadvaishyah Padbhyam Shudro Ajayata॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Deepam Darshayami॥

xvii. Naivedya (नैवेद्य)

After Deep offering, offer Naivedya to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Idam Divyannamamritam Rasaih Shadbhih Samanvitam।
Ramachandresha Naivedyam Sitesha Pratigrihyatam॥
Om Chandrama Manaso Jatah Chakshoh Suryo Ajayata।
Mukhadindrashchagnishcha Pranadvayurajayata॥
Om Ardram Pushkarinim Pushtim Suvarnam Hemamalinim।
Suryam Hiranmayim Lakshmim Jatavedo Ma Avaha॥

Om Namo Ramachandraya।
Shri Janaki Sahita Ramachandraya Namah।
Naivedyam Samarpayami॥
Naivedyante Achamaniyam Jalam Samarpayami॥

xviii. Phalam (फलम्)

After Naivedya offering, offer fruits to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Idam Phalam Mayadeva Sthapitam Puratastava।
Tena Me Saphalavaptirbhavet Janmani Janmani॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Phalam Samarpayami॥

xix. Tambulam (ताम्बूलं)

After Phalam offering, offer Tambula (Paan with betel nuts) to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Nagavallidalairyuktam Pugiphalasamanvitam।
Tambulam Grihyatam Rama Karpuradisamanvitam॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Pugiphala Tambulam Samarpayami॥

xx. Dakshina (दक्षिणा)

After Tambula offering, offer Dakshina (gift) to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Hiranya Garbha Garbhastham Hemabijam Vibhavasoh।
Ananta Punya Phalada Athah Shantim Prayachchha Me॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Suvarna Pushpa Dakshinam Samarpayami॥

xxi. Nirajan (नीराजन)

Now offer Nirajan (Aarti) to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra. After chanting Nirajanam Mantra perform Shri Raama Aarti.

Nrityairgitaishcha Vadyaishcha Puranapathanadibhih।
Pujopacharairakhilaih Santushto Bhava Raghava॥
Mangalartham Mahipala Nirajanamidam Hare।
Samgrihana Jagannatha Ramachandra Namoastu Te॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Nirajanam Samarpayami॥

xxii. Mantra Pushpanjali (पुष्पाञ्जलि)

Now offer Pushpanjali to Shri Raama while chanting following Mantra.

Yajnena Yajnamayajanta Devah Tani Dharmani Prathamanyasan।
Te Ha Nakam Mahimanah Sachante Yatra Purve Sadhyah Santi Devah॥
Namo Devadhidevaya Raghunathaya Sharngine।
Chinmayanantarupaya Sitayah Pataye Namah॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Pradakshinan Samarpayami॥

xxiii. Pradakshina (प्रदक्षिणा)

Now offer symbolic Pradakshina (circumambulate from left to right of Shri Raama) with flowers while chanting following Mantra.

Nabhya Asidantariksham Shirshno Dyauh Samavartata।
Padabhyam Bhumirdishah Shrotrat Tatha Lokan Akalpayan॥
Ardram Yahkarinim Yashtim Pingalam Padmamalinim।
Chandram Hiranmayim Lakshmim Jatavedo Ma Avaha॥
Yani Kani Cha Papani Brahmahatyasamani Cha।
Tani Tani Vinashyanti Pradakshine Pade Pade॥

Om Shri Ramachandraya Namah।
Pradakshinam Samarpayami॥

xxiv. Kshamapana (क्षमापण)

After Pradakshina, seek pardon from Shri Raama for any known-unknown mistakes done during Puja while chanting following Mantra.

Aparadha Sahasrani Kriyante Aharnisham Maya।
Dasoayamiti Mam Matva Kshamasva Purushottama॥
Yantu Deva Ganah Sarve Pujam Adaya Parthivim।
Ishta Kamyartha Siddhyartham Punaragamanaya Cha॥

॥ Iti Raama Navami Puja Vidhih Sampurnah ॥

NOTE: Microsoft Kaizala has retired on 31st August 2023. Kaizala moved to Microsoft Teams from 1st September 2023.

15. Dating the Era of Lord Raama

Before we work on Age of Lord Raama we need to understand the Vedic division of the time which measures time in Kalpa, Mahayuga and Yuga.

For this discussion we assume that a Kalpa, the half day of Lord Brahma, is the greatest Vedic division of the time. It consists of 1000 Mahayugas. A Mahayuga is composed of four Yugas of different lengths, named as Krita or Satya, Treta, Dvapara and Kali. The Kali Yuga consists of 432,000 solar years. The Dvapara Yuga is double of the Kali Yuga. The Treta Yuga is triple and the Krita Yuga is quadruple of the Kali Yuga.

A Mahayuga therefore contains 10 times the years of a Kali Yuga i.e. 4,320,000 solar years. According to Hindu belief a Kalpa is the half day (excluding night) of Brahma, the god of creation.

If we take ‘x’ as the duration of one Kali Yuga then x = 432,000 solar years. Hence,

1 Kalpa = 1000 Mahayugas = 1 half day of Brahma = 10,000x
1 Mahayuga = 4,320,000 solar years = 10x

Satya Yuga = 1,728,000 solar years = 4x
Treta Yuga = 1,296,000 solar years = 3x
Dvapara Yuga = 864,000 solar years = 2x
Kali Yuga = 432,000 solar years = x

As per various Puranas Lord Raama was born in Treta Yuga and 5114 Kali Yugas are over as on April 17, 2013. Even if we assume that Lord Raama was born at the end of Treta Yuga, a total 869,114 (864,000+5114) solar years have passed. According to some scholars, the war between Raama and Raavana is supposed to have happened 880,155 solar years ago as of April 17, 2013.

Epic Raamayana has many references to astronomical events which occurred during the life time of Lord Raama. Based on those astronomical events, many scholars try to plot planetary positions in the sky to ascertain the birth time of Lord Raama. Such calculations need software which can perform astronomical calculations in the past up to 1,000,000 solar years (or about 1 million solar years in the past).

Pushkar Bhatnagar has done some work to date the birth time of Lord Raama. According to him

To prove his theory Pushkar Bhatnagar has considered the duration of one Kali Yuga as 1200 solar years.
If we take ‘y’ as the duration of one Kali Yuga then y = 1200 solar years. Hence,

1 Mahayuga = 12,000 solar years = 12y

Satya Yuga = 4800 solar years = 4y
Treta Yuga = 3600 solar years = 3y
Dvapara Yuga = 2400 solar years = 2y
Kali Yuga = 1200 solar years = y

After considering above time durations for various Yugas, which is already against various Puranas, Pushkar Bhatnagar further assumes that 1 Mahayuga should have been 10,000 solar years long rather than 12,000 solar years to fix 5114 BC as the birth date of Lord Raama.

Pushkar Bhatnagar doesn’t explain if Kali Yuga spans for just 1200/1000 solar years then we all should be living in Satya Yuga. According to Vedic wisdom all Yugas are cyclic and Pushkar has taken 3012 BC as the starting year of the Kali Yuga. It is well known that all planetary positions are cyclic and keep repeating in similar patterns including solar and lunar eclipses. There is no work to prove that the similar astronomical events as described in Raamayana didn’t occur before 5114 BC.

One needs to look back up to 1 million solar years in the past to ascertain birth time of Lord Raama. As per Pushkar Bhatnagar, his software was capable to look back 99,999 BC in the past which is only 10% of the needed time span. Any such studies should consider all instances of similar astronomical events during last 1 million solar years.

Till we don’t have any concrete historical and astronomical proofs, it would be more appropriate and accurate to say that Lord Raama was born much earlier than 869,114 solar years in the past and according to Hindu calendar it was Navami of Chaitra Shukla Paksha.

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16. Sanskrith Nama Raamayanam

17. 108 Raama Names

॥ इति श्रीरामष्टोत्तरशतनामावलिः सम्पूर्णा ॥

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